Learning-Management-System-Fullstack

Learning Management System - Architecture Documentation

A comprehensive overview of the architecture for the Learning Management System built with the MAD Stack (MongoDB, Angular, Django).

E-Learning Management System

Table of Contents

Overview

The E-Learning Management System is a full-stack web application built using the MAD Stack (MongoDB, Angular, Django). It provides a comprehensive platform for managing online courses, lessons, quizzes, enrollments, and user progress tracking.

Key Features

System Architecture

High-Level Architecture

graph TB
    subgraph "Client Layer"
        A[Web Browser]
        B[Mobile Browser]
    end

    subgraph "Frontend Layer"
        C[Angular Application]
        D[Bootstrap UI Components]
        E[Angular Services]
        F[HTTP Interceptors]
    end

    subgraph "API Gateway"
        G[NGINX Reverse Proxy]
    end

    subgraph "Backend Layer"
        H[Django REST Framework]
        I[Authentication Service]
        J[ViewSets & Serializers]
        K[Business Logic]
    end

    subgraph "Caching Layer"
        L[Redis Cache]
    end

    subgraph "Data Layer"
        M[(MongoDB)]
        N[(SQLite - Auth)]
    end

    subgraph "External Services"
        O[MongoDB Atlas]
        P[Redis Cloud]
    end

    A --> C
    B --> C
    C --> D
    C --> E
    E --> F
    F --> G
    G --> H
    H --> I
    H --> J
    J --> K
    K --> L
    K --> M
    I --> N
    M -.-> O
    L -.-> P

Component Interaction Diagram

graph LR
    subgraph "Frontend Components"
        A[Login Component]
        B[Course List Component]
        C[Lesson List Component]
        D[User List Component]
        E[Enrollment Component]
        F[Progress Component]
    end

    subgraph "Angular Services"
        G[Auth Service]
        H[Course Service]
        I[Lesson Service]
        J[User Service]
        K[Enrollment Service]
        L[Progress Service]
    end

    subgraph "Backend ViewSets"
        M[UserViewSet]
        N[CourseViewSet]
        O[LessonViewSet]
        P[EnrollmentViewSet]
        Q[ProgressViewSet]
    end

    A --> G
    B --> H
    C --> I
    D --> J
    E --> K
    F --> L

    G --> M
    H --> N
    I --> O
    J --> M
    K --> P
    L --> Q

Technology Stack

MAD Stack Visualization

graph TD
    subgraph "Frontend Stack"
        A[Angular 18+]
        B[TypeScript]
        C[Bootstrap 5]
        D[RxJS]
        E[Chart.js]
        F[Angular Material]
    end

    subgraph "Backend Stack"
        G[Django 4.2+]
        H[Django REST Framework]
        I[Python 3.12]
        J[MongoEngine ODM]
        K[dj-rest-auth]
        L[drf-yasg - Swagger]
    end

    subgraph "Database Stack"
        M[(MongoDB 5.0)]
        N[(SQLite 3)]
        O[(Redis 6)]
    end

    subgraph "DevOps Stack"
        P[Docker]
        Q[Docker Compose]
        R[Kubernetes]
        S[Jenkins]
        T[GitHub Actions]
        U[NGINX]
    end

    subgraph "Testing Stack"
        V[Jest]
        W[Cypress]
        X[Pytest]
    end

    A --> B
    A --> C
    A --> D
    G --> H
    G --> I
    H --> J
    J --> M
    K --> N
    H --> O

    P --> Q
    Q --> R
    S --> T

    style A fill:#dd0031
    style G fill:#092e20
    style M fill:#47a248
    style O fill:#dc382d
    style P fill:#2496ed

Architecture Layers

Layered Architecture

graph TB
    subgraph "Presentation Layer"
        A[Angular Components]
        B[HTML Templates]
        C[CSS Styles]
    end

    subgraph "Service Layer"
        D[Angular Services]
        E[HTTP Client]
        F[State Management]
    end

    subgraph "API Layer"
        G[REST Endpoints]
        H[Authentication Middleware]
        I[CORS Middleware]
        J[Request Validation]
    end

    subgraph "Business Logic Layer"
        K[ViewSets]
        L[Serializers]
        M[Custom Business Logic]
        N[Permissions & Authorization]
    end

    subgraph "Data Access Layer"
        O[MongoEngine Models]
        P[Django ORM Models]
        Q[Cache Manager]
    end

    subgraph "Infrastructure Layer"
        R[(MongoDB)]
        S[(SQLite)]
        T[Redis Cache]
    end

    A --> D
    B --> A
    C --> A
    D --> E
    E --> G
    G --> H
    H --> I
    I --> J
    J --> K
    K --> L
    L --> M
    M --> N
    N --> O
    O --> R
    P --> S
    Q --> T
    N --> Q

Database Schema

MongoDB Collections Schema

erDiagram
    USER ||--o{ COURSE : instructs
    USER ||--o{ ENROLLMENT : enrolls
    USER ||--o{ PROGRESS : tracks
    USER ||--o{ NOTIFICATION : receives

    CATEGORY ||--o{ COURSE : categorizes

    COURSE ||--o{ LESSON : contains
    COURSE ||--o{ ENROLLMENT : has

    LESSON ||--o{ QUIZ : includes
    LESSON ||--o{ PROGRESS : tracks

    QUIZ ||--o{ QUESTION : contains

    QUESTION ||--o{ CHOICE : has

    USER {
        ObjectId _id PK
        string username UK
        string email UK
        boolean is_instructor
        boolean is_student
        string bio
        string profile_picture
    }

    CATEGORY {
        ObjectId _id PK
        string name
        string description
    }

    COURSE {
        ObjectId _id PK
        string title
        string description
        ObjectId instructor_id FK
        ObjectId category_id FK
        datetime created_at
        datetime updated_at
        string image
        decimal price
        boolean published
    }

    LESSON {
        ObjectId _id PK
        string title
        ObjectId course_id FK
        string content
        string video_url
        datetime created_at
        datetime updated_at
    }

    QUIZ {
        ObjectId _id PK
        ObjectId lesson_id FK
        string title
        datetime created_at
    }

    QUESTION {
        ObjectId _id PK
        ObjectId quiz_id FK
        string text
        string answer
        datetime created_at
    }

    CHOICE {
        ObjectId _id PK
        ObjectId question_id FK
        string text
        boolean is_correct
    }

    ENROLLMENT {
        ObjectId _id PK
        ObjectId student_id FK
        ObjectId course_id FK
        datetime enrolled_at
    }

    PROGRESS {
        ObjectId _id PK
        ObjectId student_id FK
        ObjectId lesson_id FK
        boolean completed
        datetime completed_at
    }

    NOTIFICATION {
        ObjectId _id PK
        ObjectId recipient_id FK
        string message
        datetime created_at
        boolean is_read
    }

Data Relationships

graph TB
    subgraph "User Management"
        A[User]
    end

    subgraph "Course Structure"
        B[Category]
        C[Course]
        D[Lesson]
        E[Quiz]
        F[Question]
        G[Choice]
    end

    subgraph "Learning Tracking"
        H[Enrollment]
        I[Progress]
        J[Notification]
    end

    A -->|instructs| C
    A -->|enrolls in| H
    A -->|tracks| I
    A -->|receives| J

    B -->|categorizes| C
    C -->|contains| D
    D -->|includes| E
    E -->|has| F
    F -->|has options| G

    C -->|creates| H
    D -->|tracks| I

API Architecture

RESTful API Endpoints

graph LR
    subgraph "Authentication Endpoints"
        A[POST /api/auth/login/]
        B[POST /api/auth/registration/]
        C[POST /api/auth/logout/]
        D[GET /api/auth/user/]
    end

    subgraph "User Management"
        E[GET /api/users/]
        F[POST /api/users/]
        G[GET /api/users/:id/]
        H[PUT /api/users/:id/]
        I[DELETE /api/users/:id/]
    end

    subgraph "Course Management"
        J[GET /api/courses/]
        K[POST /api/courses/]
        L[GET /api/courses/:id/]
        M[PUT /api/courses/:id/]
        N[DELETE /api/courses/:id/]
    end

    subgraph "Lesson Management"
        O[GET /api/lessons/]
        P[POST /api/lessons/]
        Q[GET /api/lessons/:id/]
        R[PUT /api/lessons/:id/]
        S[DELETE /api/lessons/:id/]
    end

    subgraph "Enrollment & Progress"
        T[GET /api/enrollments/]
        U[POST /api/enrollments/]
        V[GET /api/progress/]
        W[POST /api/progress/]
    end

API Request Flow

sequenceDiagram
    participant Client
    participant NGINX
    participant Django
    participant Redis
    participant MongoDB
    participant SQLite

    Client->>NGINX: HTTP Request
    NGINX->>Django: Forward Request

    alt Authentication Required
        Django->>SQLite: Verify Token
        SQLite-->>Django: Token Valid
    end

    Django->>Redis: Check Cache

    alt Cache Hit
        Redis-->>Django: Cached Data
        Django-->>Client: Response (Fast)
    else Cache Miss
        Django->>MongoDB: Query Data
        MongoDB-->>Django: Data Result
        Django->>Redis: Store Cache
        Django-->>Client: Response
    end

ViewSet Architecture

graph TB
    subgraph "Django REST Framework ViewSets"
        A[UserViewSet]
        B[CourseViewSet]
        C[CategoryViewSet]
        D[LessonViewSet]
        E[QuizViewSet]
        F[QuestionViewSet]
        G[ChoiceViewSet]
        H[EnrollmentViewSet]
        I[ProgressViewSet]
        J[NotificationViewSet]
    end

    subgraph "Serializers"
        K[UserSerializer]
        L[CourseSerializer]
        M[CategorySerializer]
        N[LessonSerializer]
        O[QuizSerializer]
        P[QuestionSerializer]
        Q[ChoiceSerializer]
        R[EnrollmentSerializer]
        S[ProgressSerializer]
        T[NotificationSerializer]
    end

    subgraph "MongoEngine Models"
        U[(User Model)]
        V[(Course Model)]
        W[(Category Model)]
        X[(Lesson Model)]
        Y[(Quiz Model)]
        Z[(Question Model)]
        AA[(Choice Model)]
        AB[(Enrollment Model)]
        AC[(Progress Model)]
        AD[(Notification Model)]
    end

    A --> K --> U
    B --> L --> V
    C --> M --> W
    D --> N --> X
    E --> O --> Y
    F --> P --> Z
    G --> Q --> AA
    H --> R --> AB
    I --> S --> AC
    J --> T --> AD

Frontend Architecture

Angular Application Structure

graph TB
    subgraph "App Module"
        A[App Component]
        B[App Routes]
        C[App Config]
    end

    subgraph "Core Module"
        D[Header Component]
        E[Footer Component]
    end

    subgraph "Auth Module"
        F[Login Component]
        G[Register Component]
        H[Auth Guard]
        I[Auth Interceptor]
    end

    subgraph "Feature Modules"
        J[Course List Component]
        K[Lesson List Component]
        L[User List Component]
        M[Enrollment List Component]
        N[Progress List Component]
    end

    subgraph "Services"
        O[Auth Service]
        P[Course Service]
        Q[Lesson Service]
        R[User Service]
        S[Enrollment Service]
        T[Progress Service]
    end

    subgraph "Pages"
        U[Home Component]
        V[Not Found Component]
    end

    A --> B
    A --> C
    A --> D
    A --> E

    B --> F
    B --> G
    B --> J
    B --> K
    B --> L
    B --> M
    B --> N
    B --> U
    B --> V

    F --> O
    G --> O
    J --> P
    K --> Q
    L --> R
    M --> S
    N --> T

    H --> O
    I --> O

Component Communication

graph LR
    subgraph "Parent Components"
        A[App Component]
    end

    subgraph "Smart Components"
        B[Course List]
        C[Lesson List]
        D[User List]
    end

    subgraph "Presentational Components"
        E[Course Card]
        F[Lesson Card]
        G[User Card]
    end

    subgraph "Services - State Management"
        H[Course Service]
        I[Lesson Service]
        J[User Service]
    end

    A --> B
    A --> C
    A --> D

    B --> E
    C --> F
    D --> G

    B --> H
    C --> I
    D --> J

    H -.->|Observable| B
    I -.->|Observable| C
    J -.->|Observable| D

Service Layer Architecture

graph TB
    subgraph "HTTP Services"
        A[Auth Service]
        B[Course Service]
        C[Lesson Service]
        D[User Service]
        E[Enrollment Service]
        F[Progress Service]
    end

    subgraph "Interceptors"
        G[Auth Interceptor]
        H[Error Interceptor]
        I[Loading Interceptor]
    end

    subgraph "Guards"
        J[Auth Guard]
        K[Role Guard]
    end

    subgraph "HTTP Client"
        L[Angular HttpClient]
    end

    subgraph "Backend API"
        M[Django REST API]
    end

    A --> G
    B --> G
    C --> G
    D --> G
    E --> G
    F --> G

    G --> H
    H --> I
    I --> L

    J --> A
    K --> A

    L --> M

    style A fill:#456789
    style G fill:#ce93d8
    style J fill:#ba68c8
    style L fill:#ab47bc
    style M fill:#9c27b0

Authentication Flow

User Authentication Sequence

sequenceDiagram
    participant User
    participant Angular
    participant AuthService
    participant AuthInterceptor
    participant Django
    participant SQLite
    participant Redis

    User->>Angular: Enter Credentials
    Angular->>AuthService: login(username, password)
    AuthService->>Django: POST /api/auth/login/
    Django->>SQLite: Verify Credentials

    alt Valid Credentials
        SQLite-->>Django: User Valid
        Django->>Django: Generate JWT Token
        Django->>Redis: Cache Token
        Django-->>AuthService: {token, user}
        AuthService->>AuthService: Store in localStorage
        AuthService-->>Angular: Login Success
        Angular-->>User: Redirect to Dashboard
    else Invalid Credentials
        SQLite-->>Django: Invalid User
        Django-->>AuthService: 401 Unauthorized
        AuthService-->>Angular: Login Failed
        Angular-->>User: Show Error
    end

    User->>Angular: Access Protected Route
    Angular->>AuthInterceptor: HTTP Request
    AuthInterceptor->>AuthInterceptor: Add Authorization Header
    AuthInterceptor->>Django: Request + Token
    Django->>SQLite: Validate Token

    alt Valid Token
        SQLite-->>Django: Token Valid
        Django-->>Angular: Protected Resource
        Angular-->>User: Display Content
    else Invalid Token
        SQLite-->>Django: Token Invalid
        Django-->>Angular: 401 Unauthorized
        Angular->>AuthService: logout()
        Angular-->>User: Redirect to Login
    end

Registration Flow

sequenceDiagram
    participant User
    participant RegisterComponent
    participant AuthService
    participant Django
    participant SQLite
    participant MongoDB

    User->>RegisterComponent: Fill Registration Form
    RegisterComponent->>RegisterComponent: Validate Form
    RegisterComponent->>AuthService: register(userData)
    AuthService->>Django: POST /api/auth/registration/

    Django->>SQLite: Check Username/Email

    alt Username/Email Available
        Django->>SQLite: Create Auth User
        SQLite-->>Django: User Created
        Django->>MongoDB: Create User Profile
        MongoDB-->>Django: Profile Created
        Django->>Django: Generate Token
        Django-->>AuthService: {token, user}
        AuthService->>AuthService: Store Token
        AuthService-->>RegisterComponent: Registration Success
        RegisterComponent-->>User: Redirect to Dashboard
    else Username/Email Taken
        SQLite-->>Django: Duplicate Entry
        Django-->>AuthService: 400 Bad Request
        AuthService-->>RegisterComponent: Registration Failed
        RegisterComponent-->>User: Show Error
    end

JWT Token Flow

graph TB
    subgraph "Token Generation"
        A[User Login]
        B[Verify Credentials]
        C[Generate JWT Token]
        D[Store in SQLite]
        E[Cache in Redis]
        F[Return to Client]
    end

    subgraph "Token Validation"
        G[Client Request]
        H[Extract Token from Header]
        I[Validate Token]
        J{Token Valid?}
        K[Allow Access]
        L[Deny Access]
    end

    subgraph "Token Refresh"
        M[Token Near Expiry]
        N[Request Refresh]
        O[Generate New Token]
        P[Update Client]
    end

    A --> B
    B --> C
    C --> D
    C --> E
    E --> F

    G --> H
    H --> I
    I --> J
    J -->|Yes| K
    J -->|No| L

    M --> N
    N --> O
    O --> P

Data Flow

Course Enrollment Flow

sequenceDiagram
    participant Student
    participant Frontend
    participant EnrollmentService
    participant Django
    participant MongoDB
    participant Redis
    participant NotificationService

    Student->>Frontend: Click "Enroll in Course"
    Frontend->>EnrollmentService: enroll(courseId, studentId)
    EnrollmentService->>Django: POST /api/enrollments/

    Django->>MongoDB: Check Existing Enrollment

    alt Not Already Enrolled
        Django->>MongoDB: Create Enrollment Record
        MongoDB-->>Django: Enrollment Created

        Django->>MongoDB: Create Initial Progress Records
        MongoDB-->>Django: Progress Initialized

        Django->>MongoDB: Create Notification
        MongoDB-->>Django: Notification Created

        Django->>Redis: Invalidate Course Cache
        Django->>Redis: Cache Enrollment Data

        Django-->>EnrollmentService: Enrollment Success
        EnrollmentService-->>Frontend: Update UI
        Frontend-->>Student: Show Success Message

        Django->>NotificationService: Send Email
        NotificationService-->>Student: Confirmation Email
    else Already Enrolled
        MongoDB-->>Django: Enrollment Exists
        Django-->>EnrollmentService: 400 Already Enrolled
        EnrollmentService-->>Frontend: Show Error
        Frontend-->>Student: Display Error Message
    end

Progress Tracking Flow

graph TB
    subgraph "Lesson Completion"
        A[Student Views Lesson]
        B[Mark as Complete]
        C[Update Progress Record]
    end

    subgraph "Progress Calculation"
        D[Get All Course Lessons]
        E[Count Completed Lessons]
        F[Calculate Percentage]
    end

    subgraph "Achievement System"
        G{Check Milestones}
        H[25% Complete]
        I[50% Complete]
        J[75% Complete]
        K[100% Complete]
    end

    subgraph "Notifications"
        L[Create Notification]
        M[Send Email]
        N[Update Dashboard]
    end

    A --> B
    B --> C
    C --> D
    D --> E
    E --> F
    F --> G

    G -->|25%| H
    G -->|50%| I
    G -->|75%| J
    G -->|100%| K

    H --> L
    I --> L
    J --> L
    K --> L

    L --> M
    L --> N

Quiz Submission Flow

sequenceDiagram
    participant Student
    participant Frontend
    participant QuizService
    participant Django
    participant MongoDB

    Student->>Frontend: Start Quiz
    Frontend->>QuizService: getQuiz(quizId)
    QuizService->>Django: GET /api/quizzes/:id/
    Django->>MongoDB: Fetch Quiz with Questions
    MongoDB-->>Django: Quiz Data
    Django-->>QuizService: Quiz Object
    QuizService-->>Frontend: Display Quiz

    Student->>Frontend: Answer Questions
    Student->>Frontend: Submit Quiz

    Frontend->>QuizService: submitQuiz(answers)
    QuizService->>Django: POST /api/quiz-submissions/

    Django->>MongoDB: Fetch Correct Answers
    MongoDB-->>Django: Answer Key

    Django->>Django: Calculate Score
    Django->>MongoDB: Save Submission
    MongoDB-->>Django: Submission Saved

    alt Passing Score
        Django->>MongoDB: Update Progress (Complete)
        Django->>MongoDB: Create Achievement Notification
    else Failing Score
        Django->>MongoDB: Update Progress (Incomplete)
        Django->>MongoDB: Create Retry Notification
    end

    Django-->>QuizService: Score & Feedback
    QuizService-->>Frontend: Display Results
    Frontend-->>Student: Show Score & Feedback

Deployment Architecture

Docker Container Architecture

graph TB
    subgraph "Docker Compose Stack"
        A[NGINX Container]
        B[Frontend Container]
        C[Backend Container]
        D[MongoDB Container]
        E[Redis Container]
    end

    subgraph "Volumes"
        F[mongodb_data]
        G[backend_static]
        H[frontend_dist]
    end

    subgraph "Networks"
        I[lms_network]
    end

    subgraph "External Services"
        J[MongoDB Atlas]
        K[Redis Cloud]
    end

    A --> B
    A --> C
    C --> D
    C --> E

    D --> F
    C --> G
    B --> H

    A -.-> I
    B -.-> I
    C -.-> I
    D -.-> I
    E -.-> I

    C -.->|Backup| J
    C -.->|Backup| K

    style A fill:#009639
    style B fill:#dd0031
    style C fill:#092e20
    style D fill:#47a248
    style E fill:#dc382d

Kubernetes Deployment

graph TB
    subgraph "Kubernetes Cluster"
        subgraph "Frontend Namespace"
            A[Frontend Deployment]
            B[Frontend Service]
            C[Frontend Pods x3]
        end

        subgraph "Backend Namespace"
            D[Backend Deployment]
            E[Backend Service]
            F[Backend Pods x3]
        end

        subgraph "Database Namespace"
            G[MongoDB StatefulSet]
            H[MongoDB Service]
            I[Persistent Volumes]
        end

        subgraph "Cache Namespace"
            J[Redis Deployment]
            K[Redis Service]
        end

        subgraph "Ingress"
            L[Ingress Controller]
            M[SSL/TLS Termination]
        end

        subgraph "Config & Secrets"
            N[ConfigMap]
            O[Secrets]
        end
    end

    L --> M
    M --> B
    M --> E

    A --> C
    D --> F
    G --> I

    B --> C
    E --> F
    H --> G
    K --> J

    F --> H
    F --> K

    N --> F
    O --> F

    style L fill:#326ce5
    style A fill:#dd0031
    style D fill:#092e20
    style G fill:#47a248
    style J fill:#dc382d

AWS Production Infrastructure

graph TB
    subgraph "AWS Cloud - Production Architecture"
        subgraph "Route 53"
            R53[DNS Management]
        end

        subgraph "CloudFront CDN"
            CF[Global Edge Locations]
            WAF[Web Application Firewall]
        end

        subgraph "VPC - Multi-AZ"
            subgraph "Public Subnets"
                ALB[Application Load Balancer]
                NAT1[NAT Gateway AZ1]
                NAT2[NAT Gateway AZ2]
            end

            subgraph "Private Subnets - AZ1"
                ECS1A[ECS Backend Tasks]
                ECS1B[ECS Frontend Tasks]
            end

            subgraph "Private Subnets - AZ2"
                ECS2A[ECS Backend Tasks]
                ECS2B[ECS Frontend Tasks]
            end

            subgraph "Database Subnets"
                RDS1[RDS Primary<br/>PostgreSQL]
                RDS2[RDS Standby<br/>PostgreSQL]
                DOCDB[DocumentDB Cluster<br/>MongoDB-compatible]
                REDIS[ElastiCache Redis<br/>Multi-AZ]
            end
        end

        subgraph "Container Registry"
            ECR[Amazon ECR<br/>Backend & Frontend Images]
        end

        subgraph "Storage"
            S3A[S3 Static Assets]
            S3B[S3 Backups]
        end

        subgraph "Security & Secrets"
            SM[Secrets Manager]
            KMS[AWS KMS]
            SG[Security Groups]
        end

        subgraph "Monitoring & Logging"
            CW[CloudWatch]
            XRAY[X-Ray Tracing]
            SNS[SNS Alerts]
        end
    end

    R53 --> CF
    CF --> WAF
    WAF --> ALB

    ALB --> ECS1A
    ALB --> ECS1B
    ALB --> ECS2A
    ALB --> ECS2B

    ECS1A --> NAT1
    ECS1B --> NAT1
    ECS2A --> NAT2
    ECS2B --> NAT2

    ECS1A --> RDS1
    ECS2A --> RDS1
    RDS1 -.->|Replication| RDS2

    ECS1A --> DOCDB
    ECS2A --> DOCDB

    ECS1A --> REDIS
    ECS2A --> REDIS

    ECR -.->|Pull Images| ECS1A
    ECR -.->|Pull Images| ECS2A

    CF --> S3A

    SM --> ECS1A
    SM --> ECS2A
    KMS --> SM

    CW --> SNS
    XRAY --> CW

    ECS1A --> CW
    ECS2A --> CW

Terraform Infrastructure as Code

graph LR
    subgraph "Terraform Modules"
        VPC[VPC Module<br/>- 3 AZs<br/>- Public/Private/DB Subnets<br/>- NAT Gateways<br/>- Route Tables]

        SEC[Security Module<br/>- Security Groups<br/>- NACLs<br/>- WAF Rules<br/>- IAM Roles/Policies]

        ECR_MOD[ECR Module<br/>- Backend Repository<br/>- Frontend Repository<br/>- Lifecycle Policies]

        RDS[RDS Module<br/>- PostgreSQL 15<br/>- Multi-AZ<br/>- Auto Backups<br/>- Encryption]

        CACHE[ElastiCache Module<br/>- Redis 7<br/>- Cluster Mode<br/>- Multi-AZ<br/>- Snapshots]

        ECS[ECS Module<br/>- Fargate Cluster<br/>- Task Definitions<br/>- Services<br/>- Auto-scaling]

        ALB_MOD[ALB Module<br/>- Target Groups<br/>- Listeners<br/>- SSL/TLS<br/>- Health Checks]

        S3_MOD[S3 Module<br/>- Static Assets<br/>- Backups<br/>- Versioning<br/>- Lifecycle Rules]

        CF_MOD[CloudFront Module<br/>- Distribution<br/>- Origin Config<br/>- Cache Behaviors]

        R53[Route53 Module<br/>- Hosted Zone<br/>- DNS Records<br/>- Health Checks]
    end

    VPC --> SEC
    VPC --> RDS
    VPC --> CACHE
    VPC --> ECS
    VPC --> ALB_MOD

    SEC --> ECS
    SEC --> RDS
    SEC --> CACHE
    SEC --> ALB_MOD

    ECR_MOD --> ECS
    RDS --> ECS
    CACHE --> ECS
    ALB_MOD --> ECS

    S3_MOD --> CF_MOD
    CF_MOD --> R53
    ALB_MOD --> R53

Cloud Infrastructure Options

graph TB
    subgraph "Option 1: Vercel + Render (Current)"
        A[Vercel CDN]
        B[Edge Network]
        C[Static Assets]
        D[Render Service]
        E[Auto-scaling]
        F[Health Checks]
    end

    subgraph "Option 2: AWS Full Stack (Production)"
        G[CloudFront]
        H[ALB + ECS Fargate]
        I[RDS + DocumentDB]
        J[ElastiCache Redis]
        K[S3 + CloudWatch]
    end

    subgraph "Option 3: Kubernetes (Self-Hosted)"
        L[K8s Ingress]
        M[K8s Services]
        N[StatefulSets]
        O[ConfigMaps]
    end

    subgraph "Shared Services"
        P[MongoDB Atlas]
        Q[Redis Cloud]
        R[GitHub Actions]
        S[Jenkins CI/CD]
    end

    A --> B
    B --> C
    D --> E
    E --> F

    G --> H
    H --> I
    H --> J
    K --> H

    L --> M
    M --> N
    O --> M

    C -.->|Alternative| P
    F -.->|Alternative| P
    I -.->|Alternative| P
    N -.->|Alternative| P

    R --> S
    S --> A
    S --> D
    S --> G
    S --> L

AWS & Terraform Infrastructure

Infrastructure Overview

The Learning Management System provides production-ready infrastructure using AWS services and Terraform for Infrastructure as Code (IaC). This enables scalable, secure, and highly available deployments.

Key Features

AWS Service Architecture

graph TB
    subgraph "Compute Layer"
        ECS[Amazon ECS Fargate<br/>Serverless Containers]
        LAMBDA[AWS Lambda<br/>Serverless Functions]
    end

    subgraph "Data Layer"
        RDS[Amazon RDS<br/>PostgreSQL]
        DOCDB[Amazon DocumentDB<br/>MongoDB Compatible]
        REDIS[Amazon ElastiCache<br/>Redis]
        S3[Amazon S3<br/>Object Storage]
    end

    subgraph "Network Layer"
        VPC[Amazon VPC<br/>Isolated Network]
        ALB[Application Load Balancer<br/>Traffic Distribution]
        R53[Route 53<br/>DNS]
        CF[CloudFront<br/>CDN]
    end

    subgraph "Security Layer"
        IAM[IAM Roles/Policies]
        SM[Secrets Manager]
        KMS[KMS Encryption]
        WAF[AWS WAF]
        SG[Security Groups]
    end

    subgraph "Operations Layer"
        CW[CloudWatch<br/>Monitoring]
        XRAY[X-Ray<br/>Tracing]
        BACKUP[AWS Backup]
        CT[CloudTrail<br/>Audit]
    end

    R53 --> CF
    CF --> ALB
    ALB --> ECS
    ECS --> VPC

    ECS --> RDS
    ECS --> DOCDB
    ECS --> REDIS
    ECS --> S3

    IAM --> ECS
    SM --> ECS
    KMS --> RDS
    KMS --> DOCDB
    WAF --> CF
    SG --> ECS

    CW --> ECS
    XRAY --> ECS
    BACKUP --> RDS
    BACKUP --> DOCDB
    CT --> IAM

Terraform Module Structure

graph TD
    ROOT[Root Configuration<br/>main.tf, variables.tf, outputs.tf]

    ROOT --> VPC_MOD[VPC Module]
    ROOT --> SEC_MOD[Security Module]
    ROOT --> ECR_MOD[ECR Module]
    ROOT --> RDS_MOD[RDS Module]
    ROOT --> CACHE_MOD[ElastiCache Module]
    ROOT --> ECS_MOD[ECS Module]
    ROOT --> ALB_MOD[ALB Module]
    ROOT --> S3_MOD[S3 Module]
    ROOT --> CF_MOD[CloudFront Module]
    ROOT --> R53_MOD[Route53 Module]

    VPC_MOD --> VPC_RES[VPC Resources<br/>- VPC<br/>- Subnets<br/>- Route Tables<br/>- NAT Gateways<br/>- Internet Gateway]

    SEC_MOD --> SEC_RES[Security Resources<br/>- Security Groups<br/>- NACLs<br/>- WAF Rules<br/>- IAM Roles]

    ECR_MOD --> ECR_RES[ECR Repositories<br/>- Backend Image<br/>- Frontend Image<br/>- Lifecycle Policies]

    RDS_MOD --> RDS_RES[RDS Instance<br/>- PostgreSQL<br/>- Multi-AZ<br/>- Automated Backups]

    CACHE_MOD --> CACHE_RES[ElastiCache Cluster<br/>- Redis<br/>- Replication Group<br/>- Snapshots]

    ECS_MOD --> ECS_RES[ECS Resources<br/>- Cluster<br/>- Task Definitions<br/>- Services<br/>- Auto-scaling]

    ALB_MOD --> ALB_RES[ALB Resources<br/>- Load Balancer<br/>- Target Groups<br/>- Listeners]

    S3_MOD --> S3_RES[S3 Buckets<br/>- Static Assets<br/>- Backups<br/>- Lifecycle Rules]

    CF_MOD --> CF_RES[CloudFront<br/>- Distribution<br/>- Origins<br/>- Cache Behaviors]

    R53_MOD --> R53_RES[Route53 Resources<br/>- Hosted Zone<br/>- DNS Records]

    style ROOT fill:#764ABC
    style VPC_MOD fill:#326CE5
    style RDS_MOD fill:#527FFF
    style CACHE_MOD fill:#DC382D

Deployment Environments

graph LR
    subgraph "Development"
        DEV_TF[Terraform Dev<br/>environments/dev/]
        DEV_AWS[AWS Dev Account<br/>- Single AZ<br/>- t3.micro instances<br/>- Minimal resources]
    end

    subgraph "Staging"
        STG_TF[Terraform Staging<br/>environments/staging/]
        STG_AWS[AWS Staging Account<br/>- Multi-AZ<br/>- t3.small instances<br/>- Production-like]
    end

    subgraph "Production"
        PROD_TF[Terraform Production<br/>environments/production/]
        PROD_AWS[AWS Production Account<br/>- Multi-AZ<br/>- Production instances<br/>- Full redundancy]
    end

    subgraph "Shared State"
        S3_STATE[S3 Backend<br/>Terraform State]
        DYNAMO[DynamoDB<br/>State Locking]
    end

    DEV_TF --> DEV_AWS
    STG_TF --> STG_AWS
    PROD_TF --> PROD_AWS

    DEV_TF --> S3_STATE
    STG_TF --> S3_STATE
    PROD_TF --> S3_STATE

    S3_STATE --> DYNAMO

Resource Tagging Strategy

graph TB
    subgraph "Mandatory Tags"
        ENV[Environment<br/>dev/staging/production]
        PROJ[Project<br/>lms]
        MANAGED[ManagedBy<br/>Terraform]
        OWNER[Owner<br/>Team Name]
    end

    subgraph "Optional Tags"
        COST[CostCenter]
        APP[Application]
        VERSION[Version]
        BACKUP[BackupPolicy]
    end

    subgraph "Applied To"
        VPC_TAG[VPC Resources]
        ECS_TAG[ECS Resources]
        RDS_TAG[Database Resources]
        S3_TAG[Storage Resources]
    end

    ENV --> VPC_TAG
    PROJ --> VPC_TAG
    MANAGED --> VPC_TAG
    OWNER --> VPC_TAG

    ENV --> ECS_TAG
    PROJ --> ECS_TAG
    MANAGED --> ECS_TAG
    OWNER --> ECS_TAG

    ENV --> RDS_TAG
    PROJ --> RDS_TAG
    MANAGED --> RDS_TAG
    OWNER --> RDS_TAG

    ENV --> S3_TAG
    PROJ --> S3_TAG
    MANAGED --> S3_TAG
    OWNER --> S3_TAG

    COST -.-> VPC_TAG
    COST -.-> ECS_TAG
    COST -.-> RDS_TAG
    COST -.-> S3_TAG

    style ENV fill:#4CAF50
    style PROJ fill:#2196F3
    style MANAGED fill:#FF9800
    style OWNER fill:#9C27B0

Network Architecture Details

graph TB
    subgraph "VPC 10.0.0.0/16"
        subgraph "Availability Zone A"
            PUB_A[Public Subnet<br/>10.0.1.0/24]
            PRIV_A[Private Subnet<br/>10.0.11.0/24]
            DB_A[Database Subnet<br/>10.0.21.0/24]
        end

        subgraph "Availability Zone B"
            PUB_B[Public Subnet<br/>10.0.2.0/24]
            PRIV_B[Private Subnet<br/>10.0.12.0/24]
            DB_B[Database Subnet<br/>10.0.22.0/24]
        end

        subgraph "Availability Zone C"
            PUB_C[Public Subnet<br/>10.0.3.0/24]
            PRIV_C[Private Subnet<br/>10.0.13.0/24]
            DB_C[Database Subnet<br/>10.0.23.0/24]
        end

        IGW[Internet Gateway]
        NAT_A[NAT Gateway A]
        NAT_B[NAT Gateway B]
        NAT_C[NAT Gateway C]
    end

    INTERNET[Internet]

    INTERNET --> IGW
    IGW --> PUB_A
    IGW --> PUB_B
    IGW --> PUB_C

    PUB_A --> NAT_A
    PUB_B --> NAT_B
    PUB_C --> NAT_C

    NAT_A --> PRIV_A
    NAT_B --> PRIV_B
    NAT_C --> PRIV_C

    PRIV_A --> DB_A
    PRIV_B --> DB_B
    PRIV_C --> DB_C

Infrastructure Provisioning Workflow

sequenceDiagram
    participant DEV as Developer
    participant GIT as Git Repository
    participant TF as Terraform
    participant AWS as AWS Cloud

    DEV->>GIT: 1. Commit Infrastructure Code
    GIT->>TF: 2. Trigger Terraform Plan
    TF->>TF: 3. Initialize Backend
    TF->>TF: 4. Validate Configuration
    TF->>AWS: 5. Read Current State
    AWS-->>TF: 6. Return State
    TF->>TF: 7. Generate Execution Plan
    TF-->>DEV: 8. Show Plan Output

    alt Plan Approved
        DEV->>TF: 9. Approve & Apply
        TF->>AWS: 10. Create VPC Resources
        AWS-->>TF: 11. VPC Created
        TF->>AWS: 12. Create Security Groups
        AWS-->>TF: 13. SGs Created
        TF->>AWS: 14. Create RDS/Redis
        AWS-->>TF: 15. DBs Created
        TF->>AWS: 16. Create ECS Cluster
        AWS-->>TF: 17. ECS Created
        TF->>AWS: 18. Create ALB
        AWS-->>TF: 19. ALB Created
        TF->>TF: 20. Update State
        TF-->>DEV: 21. Deployment Complete
    else Plan Rejected
        DEV->>GIT: 22. Update Code
    end

Cost Optimization Strategies

graph TD
    OPTIMIZE[Cost Optimization]

    OPTIMIZE --> COMPUTE[Compute Optimization]
    OPTIMIZE --> STORAGE[Storage Optimization]
    OPTIMIZE --> NETWORK[Network Optimization]
    OPTIMIZE --> DATABASE[Database Optimization]

    COMPUTE --> RIGHTSIZE[Right-sizing<br/>EC2/ECS]
    COMPUTE --> SPOT[Spot Instances<br/>Non-prod]
    COMPUTE --> RESERVED[Reserved Instances<br/>Predictable workloads]
    COMPUTE --> AUTOSCALE[Auto-scaling<br/>Match demand]

    STORAGE --> LIFECYCLE[S3 Lifecycle<br/>Policies]
    STORAGE --> IA[Infrequent Access<br/>Storage class]
    STORAGE --> GLACIER[Glacier<br/>Long-term backups]

    NETWORK --> NAT_OPT[NAT Gateway<br/>Optimization]
    NETWORK --> ENDPOINT[VPC Endpoints<br/>S3, DynamoDB]
    NETWORK --> CF_OPT[CloudFront<br/>Reduce data transfer]

    DATABASE --> RDS_SIZE[RDS Right-sizing]
    DATABASE --> REDIS_OPT[ElastiCache<br/>Reserved nodes]
    DATABASE --> BACKUP_OPT[Backup<br/>Retention policy]

    style OPTIMIZE fill:#4CAF50
    style COMPUTE fill:#2196F3
    style STORAGE fill:#FF9800
    style NETWORK fill:#9C27B0
    style DATABASE fill:#F44336

CI/CD Pipeline

Jenkins Pipeline

graph LR
    subgraph "Source Control"
        A[GitHub Repository]
        B[Webhook Trigger]
    end

    subgraph "CI Pipeline"
        C[Checkout Code]
        D[Install Dependencies]
        E[Run Linters]
        F[Run Unit Tests]
        G[Run Integration Tests]
        H[Build Docker Images]
    end

    subgraph "CD Pipeline"
        I[Push to Registry]
        J[Deploy to Staging]
        K[Run E2E Tests]
        L{Tests Pass?}
        M[Deploy to Production]
        N[Rollback]
    end

    subgraph "Notifications"
        O[Slack Notification]
        P[Email Notification]
    end

    A --> B
    B --> C
    C --> D
    D --> E
    E --> F
    F --> G
    G --> H
    H --> I
    I --> J
    J --> K
    K --> L
    L -->|Yes| M
    L -->|No| N
    M --> O
    N --> P

    style A fill:#181717
    style H fill:#2496ed
    style M fill:#4caf50
    style N fill:#f44336

GitHub Actions Workflow

graph TB
    subgraph "Trigger Events"
        A[Push to Main]
        B[Pull Request]
        C[Manual Trigger]
    end

    subgraph "Frontend Workflow"
        D[Checkout Frontend]
        E[Setup Node.js]
        F[Install Dependencies]
        G[Lint Code]
        H[Run Tests]
        I[Build Application]
        J[Deploy to Vercel]
    end

    subgraph "Backend Workflow"
        K[Checkout Backend]
        L[Setup Python]
        M[Install Dependencies]
        N[Run Pytest]
        O[Build Docker Image]
        P[Deploy to Render]
    end

    subgraph "Quality Gates"
        Q{Code Coverage}
        R{Lint Pass}
        S{Tests Pass}
    end

    A --> D
    A --> K
    B --> D
    B --> K
    C --> D
    C --> K

    D --> E
    E --> F
    F --> G
    G --> H
    H --> I
    I --> J

    K --> L
    L --> M
    M --> N
    N --> O
    O --> P

    H --> Q
    G --> R
    H --> S
    N --> S

Deployment Stages

graph LR
    subgraph "Development"
        A[Local Development]
        B[Feature Branch]
        C[Unit Tests]
    end

    subgraph "Staging"
        D[Merge to Develop]
        E[Integration Tests]
        F[Staging Environment]
        G[QA Testing]
    end

    subgraph "Production"
        H[Merge to Main]
        I[Production Build]
        J[Smoke Tests]
        K[Production Deployment]
        L[Health Checks]
    end

    subgraph "Monitoring"
        M[Performance Monitoring]
        N[Error Tracking]
        O[User Analytics]
    end

    A --> B
    B --> C
    C --> D
    D --> E
    E --> F
    F --> G
    G --> H
    H --> I
    I --> J
    J --> K
    K --> L
    L --> M
    L --> N
    L --> O

Caching Strategy

Multi-Level Caching Architecture

graph TB
    subgraph "Client-Side Cache"
        A[Browser Cache]
        B[LocalStorage]
        C[Service Worker]
    end

    subgraph "CDN Cache"
        D[Vercel Edge Cache]
        E[Static Assets]
    end

    subgraph "Application Cache"
        F[Angular HTTP Cache]
        G[Component State]
    end

    subgraph "Server Cache - Redis"
        H[User Session Cache]
        I[Query Result Cache]
        J[API Response Cache]
        K[Object Cache]
    end

    subgraph "Database"
        L[(MongoDB)]
        M[Indexes]
        N[Query Optimization]
    end

    A --> D
    B --> F
    C --> E

    F --> H
    F --> I
    F --> J

    H --> L
    I --> L
    J --> L
    K --> L

    L --> M
    M --> N

Cache Invalidation Strategy

sequenceDiagram
    participant Client
    participant Redis
    participant Django
    participant MongoDB

    Note over Client,MongoDB: Read Operation (Cache Hit)
    Client->>Django: GET /api/courses/
    Django->>Redis: Check Cache
    Redis-->>Django: Cache Hit - Return Data
    Django-->>Client: Cached Response (Fast)

    Note over Client,MongoDB: Read Operation (Cache Miss)
    Client->>Django: GET /api/users/
    Django->>Redis: Check Cache
    Redis-->>Django: Cache Miss
    Django->>MongoDB: Query Database
    MongoDB-->>Django: Fresh Data
    Django->>Redis: Store in Cache (TTL: 5 min)
    Django-->>Client: Response

    Note over Client,MongoDB: Write Operation (Invalidation)
    Client->>Django: POST /api/courses/
    Django->>MongoDB: Create Course
    MongoDB-->>Django: Course Created
    Django->>Redis: Invalidate Related Caches
    Redis-->>Django: Cache Cleared
    Django->>Redis: Update Cache with New Data
    Django-->>Client: Response

Cache Key Strategy

graph TB
    subgraph "Cache Key Patterns"
        A["user:{user_id}"]
        B["course:{course_id}"]
        C["lessons:course:{course_id}"]
        D["enrollments:user:{user_id}"]
        E["progress:user:{user_id}:lesson:{lesson_id}"]
        F["notifications:user:{user_id}"]
    end

    subgraph "TTL Strategy"
        G[Static Content: 1 hour]
        H[User Data: 15 minutes]
        I[Course Data: 30 minutes]
        J[Progress Data: 5 minutes]
        K[Notifications: 2 minutes]
    end

    subgraph "Invalidation Events"
        L[User Update]
        M[Course Update]
        N[Lesson Complete]
        O[Enrollment Created]
    end

    A --> H
    B --> I
    C --> I
    D --> H
    E --> J
    F --> K

    L -.->|Invalidate| A
    M -.->|Invalidate| B
    N -.->|Invalidate| E
    O -.->|Invalidate| D

Security Architecture

Security Layers

graph TB
    subgraph "Frontend Security"
        A[XSS Protection]
        B[CSRF Protection]
        C[Input Validation]
        D[Secure Storage]
        E[HTTPS Enforcement]
    end

    subgraph "API Security"
        F[JWT Authentication]
        G[Token Validation]
        H[Rate Limiting]
        I[CORS Configuration]
        J[Request Validation]
    end

    subgraph "Backend Security"
        K[SQL Injection Prevention]
        L[Authorization Checks]
        M[Secure Password Hashing]
        N[Environment Variables]
        O[Secret Management]
    end

    subgraph "Database Security"
        P[MongoDB Authentication]
        Q[Encrypted Connections]
        R[Role-Based Access]
        S[Audit Logging]
    end

    subgraph "Infrastructure Security"
        T[Firewall Rules]
        U[SSL/TLS Certificates]
        V[Network Isolation]
        W[Container Security]
    end

    A --> F
    B --> F
    C --> F
    D --> F
    E --> F

    F --> K
    G --> K
    H --> K
    I --> K
    J --> K

    K --> P
    L --> P
    M --> P
    N --> P
    O --> P

    P --> T
    Q --> T
    R --> T
    S --> T

Authentication & Authorization Flow

graph TB
    subgraph "Authentication"
        A[Login Request]
        B[Validate Credentials]
        C[Generate JWT Token]
        D[Return Token]
    end

    subgraph "Authorization"
        E[Protected Request]
        F[Extract Token]
        G{Token Valid?}
        H{Has Permission?}
        I[Allow Access]
        J[Deny Access]
    end

    subgraph "Role-Based Access"
        K[Admin Role]
        L[Instructor Role]
        M[Student Role]
    end

    subgraph "Permissions"
        N[Manage Users]
        O[Create Courses]
        P[View Courses]
        Q[Enroll Courses]
    end

    A --> B
    B --> C
    C --> D

    E --> F
    F --> G
    G -->|Yes| H
    G -->|No| J
    H -->|Yes| I
    H -->|No| J

    K --> N
    K --> O
    L --> O
    M --> P
    M --> Q

Scalability Considerations

Horizontal Scaling Strategy

graph TB
    subgraph "Load Balancer"
        A[NGINX Load Balancer]
        B[Round Robin]
        C[Health Checks]
    end

    subgraph "Frontend Tier"
        D[Frontend Instance 1]
        E[Frontend Instance 2]
        F[Frontend Instance 3]
    end

    subgraph "Backend Tier"
        G[Backend Instance 1]
        H[Backend Instance 2]
        I[Backend Instance 3]
    end

    subgraph "Cache Tier"
        J[Redis Master]
        K[Redis Replica 1]
        L[Redis Replica 2]
    end

    subgraph "Database Tier"
        M[MongoDB Primary]
        N[MongoDB Secondary 1]
        O[MongoDB Secondary 2]
    end

    A --> B
    B --> D
    B --> E
    B --> F

    D --> G
    E --> H
    F --> I

    G --> J
    H --> K
    I --> L

    J --> M
    K --> N
    L --> O

    M --> N
    N --> O

    style A fill:#009639
    style J fill:#dc382d
    style M fill:#47a248

Auto-Scaling Architecture

graph LR
    subgraph "Metrics Collection"
        A[CPU Usage]
        B[Memory Usage]
        C[Request Count]
        D[Response Time]
    end

    subgraph "Auto-Scaler"
        E[Kubernetes HPA]
        F[Scale Up Trigger]
        G[Scale Down Trigger]
    end

    subgraph "Pod Scaling"
        H[Min Replicas: 2]
        I[Max Replicas: 10]
        J[Target CPU: 70%]
    end

    subgraph "Actions"
        K[Add Pod]
        L[Remove Pod]
        M[Load Balance]
    end

    A --> E
    B --> E
    C --> E
    D --> E

    E --> F
    E --> G

    F --> H
    G --> I
    F --> J

    F --> K
    G --> L
    K --> M
    L --> M

    style E fill:#326ce5
    style K fill:#66bb6a
    style L fill:#ef5350

Performance Optimization

graph TB
    subgraph "Frontend Optimization"
        A[Code Splitting]
        B[Lazy Loading]
        C[Tree Shaking]
        D[Minification]
        E[CDN Delivery]
    end

    subgraph "Backend Optimization"
        F[Query Optimization]
        G[Connection Pooling]
        H[Async Processing]
        I[Pagination]
        J[Redis Caching]
    end

    subgraph "Database Optimization"
        K[Indexing Strategy]
        L[Query Planning]
        M[Sharding]
        N[Replication]
    end

    subgraph "Network Optimization"
        O[HTTP/2]
        P[Compression]
        Q[Keep-Alive]
        R[DNS Prefetching]
    end

    A --> E
    B --> E
    C --> E
    D --> E

    F --> J
    G --> J
    H --> J
    I --> J

    K --> N
    L --> N
    M --> N

    O --> R
    P --> R
    Q --> R

Monitoring & Observability

Monitoring Architecture

graph TB
    subgraph "Application Layer"
        A[Frontend Metrics]
        B[Backend Metrics]
        C[API Metrics]
    end

    subgraph "Infrastructure Layer"
        D[Container Metrics]
        E[Database Metrics]
        F[Cache Metrics]
    end

    subgraph "Log Aggregation"
        G[Application Logs]
        H[Error Logs]
        I[Access Logs]
    end

    subgraph "Monitoring Tools"
        J[Prometheus]
        K[Grafana]
        L[ELK Stack]
    end

    subgraph "Alerting"
        M[Email Alerts]
        N[Slack Alerts]
        O[PagerDuty]
    end

    A --> J
    B --> J
    C --> J
    D --> J
    E --> J
    F --> J

    G --> L
    H --> L
    I --> L

    J --> K
    L --> K

    K --> M
    K --> N
    K --> O

    style J fill:#e6522c
    style K fill:#f46800
    style L fill:#005571

Conclusion

This architecture documentation provides a comprehensive overview of the E-Learning Management System’s design, components, and interactions. The system is built with scalability, security, and maintainability in mind, leveraging modern technologies and best practices.

Key Architectural Principles

  1. Separation of Concerns: Clear separation between frontend, backend, and data layers
  2. Microservices Ready: Modular design allows for future microservices migration
  3. API-First Design: RESTful API enables multiple client applications
  4. Security by Design: Multiple security layers at every level
  5. Performance Optimized: Multi-level caching and optimization strategies
  6. Cloud-Native: Containerized and orchestrated for cloud deployment
  7. CI/CD Enabled: Automated testing and deployment pipelines
  8. Scalable: Horizontal scaling capabilities with load balancing
  9. Observable: Comprehensive monitoring and logging
  10. Developer-Friendly: Clear documentation and development guidelines

Future Enhancements

Document Version: 1.0 Last Updated: 2025-01-08 Maintained By: Development Team Contact: hoangson091104@gmail.com

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